miércoles, 1 de julio de 2020

The Danish Broadband Society: step by step

In Denmark, 1981, were 231 computers from different Danish universities bound together by the Internet, and 10 years after the numer had increased to 300.000. In 1996 did 12 percent of the Danish population use the Internet two hours each week. 88 percent did not use the internet. In July 2007 did 83 percent of the Danish population, according to Statistics Denmark, have access to the broadband from their private homes. In a new research by Statistics Denmark in 2010 did the number increase to 91 percent of the Danish population who had access to the broadband from their personal homes.




This is why Denmark, studied here in collaboration with Nanna Torp, Peter Ullum, Karoline Neel and Amalie Arendt, is such an interesting country to look at when it comes to the broadband and the development. Denmark was one of the early adopters of broadband and Internet at the same time, and is now leading the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) with a broadband penetration rate of 29,3 subscribers per 100 inhabitants. The broadband rate signifies the amount of the Internet access market that high speed or broadband Internet has captured.




Broadband is the technical term that we use to describe which technology that gives us access to the internet. In Denmark there is three different types of technologies:



1.    Traditional broadband

2.    Mobile broadband

3.    Fiber



Traditional broadband


Traditional broadband was one of the first internet technologies in Denmark and today it is one the cheapest way for consumers to access the internet. It is the most common broadband technology in Denmark, and it works through the cellular lines – also known as the copper network, which the landline phones used to run through. The infrastructure of the copper lines was made over a hundred years ago and covers most of the country and therefore almost all Danish households can access the copper network without having new cables dug in the ground. In addition, the copper network does not require very much maintenance, which also makes it cheaper for both consumers and suppliers and that is also why this technology is widely used in Denmark.



The cellular lines in Denmark are at least of 2 Mbps, but the majority of the citizens can access an access a connection with 20 Mbps. If a household is near a broadband central, they can even access a connection with 50 Mbps.



Mobile broadband



Mobile Broadband is a wireless technology that allows us to connect a mobile broadband device such as a smartphone to a broadband connection wirelessly through the mobile network and sends the data through 4G and 3G services.



The primary reason for why Danish citizens uses mobile broadband, is that it is portable. This means that it is possible to connect from anywhere in the country which is convenient when you are on the go. As long as you have a 4G or 3G signal, you can use the internet. However, the mobile broadband is not perfect. Compared to a fixed connection through cables, this technology often has a bit more delay and limitation on data consumption. Most of the buildings and houses in Denmark are isolated very well due to the weather conditions, where the winters can be very cold. This can also affect the mobile broadband and make it more difficult for the connection to stay fast, because the walls are thick and stuffed with isolation. This is a problem in all of the Nordic countries.



Though it is still possible for Danish people to have fast internet whether it is 4G or 3G. With a liberalised market in Denmark this also includes the area of telecommunications. This is why it is the telecompanies and not the Danish state that builds and operates and builds the mobile networks. It is also the telecompanies that does the investing in the infrastructure which will lead to the future 5G-network.



5G technology - the future broadband



There is now a new generation of mobile networks on its way to Denmark which will be able to replace the currant 4G network. This is the 5G mobile network which is defined as a mobile broadband technology which fulfills the requirements and specifications made by the IMT-20201- specifications established by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

This broadband technology draws on different technological progresses hereunder; new frequences - new areas of frequencies which will lead to a far bigger capacity and higher speed -; more antennas which will simply create a better network; and independent networks in which it is possible to establish independent private networks with high security. So within this technology there is the opportunities for a bigger capacity, higher speed, more security and very small response time when you are transferring data. In Denmark the 5G broadband technology has qualities that is necessary for the new digital technologies in the Danish society. These necessities will occur in production, robot technology, areas on health that requires a heavy load of data to proceed the online-experiences. Today the 5G is still on test basis in Denmark and has been tested on different companies within this capital region. The year of the release has been said to be in 2021 and will at that time be able to create a faster and safer internet in a society where data only grows and better broadband technology is crucial for the infrastructure in the digitalised society in the future.



Fiber optics



The fiber network is the latest technology in Denmark and arguably the fastest. With fiber networks it is possible to receive and send information online very fast. The information is sent through optical fiber made of glass and plastic. A traditional broadband connection can usually reach a maximum of 50 Mbit. But fiber networks can reach up to over 1000 Mbit – even though is it very rare that anyone would need such a fast connection.



In Denmark, the prices of fiber networks have changed tremendously over the past few years. At first when fiber networks were being rolled out in Denmark, it was an incredibly expensive project, and this affected the prices. Today it has become much easier to access fiber networks and therefore the price for fiber networks is much lower. This is also due to the fact that more suppliers of fiber networks have appeared on the market and that created a level of competition among the suppliers.


Law and the broadband market in Denmark


In Denmark the law has decided that every dane should have the opportunity to get a telephone connection for an affordable price. The government has made a cooperation with the company TDC to secure that. TDC therefore has a large share of the market also regarding broadband even though they do not have the duty of selling broadband. The broadband market rely on the theory of supply and demand. Broadband prices are only regulated by the competition on the market. 

TDC had about 50,4% of the market in 2018 and generally their market share has been reduced the last couple of years. They have worked on new agreements with others to offer the fibernet of those companies. They have also started their own process to create fiber network because they want to ensure that one million danish homes get their fiber network in the next 6 years. 


Denmark are one of the OECD-countries with the best broadband infrastructure. In Denmark there is the highest penetration of broadband, but if we look at our neighbours of Sweden, they have more success using fiber network with a higher speed. That is what Denmark is trying to reach now, and that is why TDC is trying to develop their fiber network.
A complete coverage of broadband can be achieved in Denmark without developmental policies. If there is use of developmental policies, it can speed up the process. So in some ways, the Swedish approach and way of doing it can inspire Denmark, but it goes both ways, because the Danish approach is thorough too.

We analyze international broadband and HbbTV evolution (here, the case of Denmark) in this blog, in Research Group about Digital Journalism and Marketing and Broadband and in Research Group on Innovative Monetization Systems of Digital Journalism, Marketing and Tourism (SIMPED), from CECABLEEscola Universitària Mediterrani of UdGUPF and Blanquerna-URL, in Twitter (@CECABLEresearch), in the group of LinkedIn, in the page of LinkedIn, in the group of Facebook, in Instagram (CECABLE), in Pinterest and in this blog. We will go in deep in the XXV Cable and Broadband Catalonia Congress.

44 comentarios:

  1. Enorme tasca la d'aquest blog. Enhorabona!!!

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  2. Interesting article to know the Danish broadband evolution.

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  3. Una gran labor la de "Telecomunicaciones y Periodismo". ¡Enhorabuena!

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  4. Un artículo interesante donde explica toda la evolución de la banda ancha, en este caso en Dinamarca. Tal como se aclara en el último párrafo podemos observar como el futuro de la banda ancha será 5G, eso quiere decir que habrá mucha más facilidad para transportar información a la hora de navegar por internet ya sea por la velocidad como por la respuesta. En conclusión dará una facilidad tan clara que el consumidor digital va a estar conectado a la red siempre.

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  5. Un artículo cargado de mucha información muy relevante, explicando la evolución de la banda ancha,en el caso del artículo en Dinamarca. Menciona que el futuro de la banda ancha será 5G, queriendonos decir que la información se transportará a una mayor velocidad a la hora de la navegación por internet.
    También menciona que Dinamarca es uno de los países de la OCDE (Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico) con la mejor infraestructura de banda ancha y habbla de su mayor penetración de banda pero no en comparación de sus vecinos Suecos con mayor éxito en la utilización de redes de fibra con mayor velocidad. En conclusión el consumidor va a estar permanentemente conectado a la red.

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    Respuestas
    1. ¡Muchas gracias por tu comentario, Héctor! Los países nórdicos son referentes en velocidad de Internet y en calidad de vida.

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  6. In this article we can appreciate how internet has burst into our life since last century. In Denmark the connection to the internet started at universities and then arrived at homes.
    With the passage of time, broadband has been improving in this country so this made that habitants want to have the latest technology at their homes, even though not everybody can afford it in Denmark there are different types of broadband to which they can access already seeing your types of income.
    I believe that the fact that there are different ways of accessing the Internet makes a person bite the trap and want to have it, in this way the broadband companies get more normally loyal buyers, this means more income and vice versa, buyers get a product with which it facilitates access to others. We are in a time where all the customers are digital buyers, the availability of broadband encourages online shopping and other services that it can offer.
    Finally the principal advantage of broadband in Denmark is that it is one of the OECD countries with the best broadband infrastructure and a complete broadband coverage without development policies.

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  7. En este articulo podemos descubrir cómo ha ido evolucionando la banda ancha y el internet en Dinamarca. Actualmente disponen de diversos tipos de banda ancha en la cual destacan la fibra y el 5G. La fibra actualmente es la forma más rápida de enviar y recibir información. En un futuro, como nos menciona el articulo el 5G sera la forma más rápida para conseguir la información y hacer avances tecnológicos de gran calibre. En mi opinion, y tal y como dice la OCDE (Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico) Dinamarca es uno de los países con la mejor y mayor infraestructura de banda ancha. Por eso no es de extrañar que sea de los primeros en innovar mediante el uso del 5G.

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    Respuestas
    1. ¡Muchas gracias por tu comentario, Álex! El 5G puede acelerar liderazgos.

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  8. Este comentario ha sido eliminado por el autor.

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  9. Thanks to this article I have discovered the different evolutions that the internet and broadband have had, in this case from Denmark.
    I believe that this country has progressed very quickly and efficiently in supplying this technology throughout its population. Denmark should be an example for all those countries that are still in the process.

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  10. In this article we can see how impressive actually is the denish broadband society.
    Firstly, Denmark had only 231 computers from different Danish universities but 10 years later, that number increased to 300.000 which is incredible and not only that, in 1996, 12% of the people used the internet two hours each week and in 2007 that increased to 83% of the population.
    Other important things we can appreciate in this article is that Denmark is one of the OECD countries with the best broadband infrastructure.
    To conclude, we can see that Denmark is really improving in terms of broadband and because of that it is one of the first countries that will have access to 5G connection.

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  11. En este artículo podemos ver cómo la tecnología se ha involucrado en nuestras vidas y en un futuro no muy lejano lo hará todavía en mayor cantidad. La aparición del 5G hará que toda la información se transporte y llegue al resto aún más rápido, lo que hace que todos estemos mas conectados entre nosotros. También me ha gustado ver la evolución de la banda ancha en Dinamarca, me ha parecido muy interesante.

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  12. Great Job! I found the article really interesting!

    Thanks to the internet and new technologies, our society has been able to grow and nowadays we are capable of getting all the information we need, as wherever we would like to. Our consumption way has changed, we are used to using the internet to buy products, therefore that gives us power as consumers. The way we consume is different, and more and more, we need better technological resources.

    Denmark is a great example of a technological country, which has done a great investment to approach their society to the modern world.

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  13. En mi opinión es un artículo muy completo, donde se detallan el paso de la banda ancha en la sociedad danesa, donde se demuestra la importancia y el avance de internet aumentando notablemente en 10 años el uso de internet, tanto en móviles como en ordenadores, siendo uno de los primeros países en adoptar la banda ancha en todos sus tipos y la gran evolución de las mismas demostrando, así la banda ancha del futuro, sin duda, él es 5G cumpliendo con los requisitos y avances de la sociedad.

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  14. Gracias a que muchas universidades y grandes empresas, en 2010 la gran mayoría de la población ya hacía uso de esta banda ancha. Hay varios tipos de banda ancha, pero las más destacables son la fibra y el 5g. Cada vez se ha ido modernizando y el futuro es el 5g ya que da mayor velocidad y acceso a las tecnologías digitales a otro nivel.
    Como bien dice, Dinamarca es uno de los países con mejor banda ancha pero sin superar a los Suecos.
    En cuanto a los precios, se regulan por la competencia que hay en el mercado y la banda ancha se basa en la oferta y la demanda. El consumidor estará siempre conectado a las redes gracias a esta facilidad y rapidez. Esto, hará que aumente el comercio digital (ya que hoy en día es mucho más cómodo), el uso de aplicaciones etc.

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    Respuestas
    1. ¡Muchas gracias por tu comentario, Concha! ¡Suerte de la banda ancha en las universidades, porque con la pandemia de la COVID-19 y la virtualización...!

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  15. El articulo realizado por Joan Francesc Fondevila, nos muestra cómo la banda ancha danesa ha evolucionado y evolucionará en los próximos años.
    Dinamarca ha vivido todo un proceso de evolución en el cual se ha pasado de tan solo un 12% de personas con disponibilidad de internet en 1996 a un 91% en el año 2010. Esto ha provocado la necesidad de mejorar tanto las infraestructuras como el servicio que se ofrece en el país.
    En los próximos años se augmentará el uso de la fibra óptica y se dejará en un segundo plano la banda ancha tradicional, esto es debido a que la fibra óptica consigue superar con creces a la anteriormente dicha.
    La evolución también aportará una red 5G que es superior a las 3G i 4G que hay actualmente, esto permitirá una mayor velocidad en sus teléfonos móviles.

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    Respuestas
    1. Soy Víctor Molina, no se porque no me sale el nombre :(

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  16. In my opinion this is a really interesting article about how the Danish broadband has evolved till this day. To me it's astonishing the fact that Denmark was one of the first adopters of broadband and the Internet, that tells us how advanced this country is. I think that the possibility of entering a platform through different ways is vital, specially these days.

    My views about the Denmark policies are positive mainly because the fact that the government is so implied in the citizens reveals how much the government cares about them.

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  17. First of all, congratulations on the article! It is true that the technological future requires us to evolve broadband and that both Denmark and Switzerland are countries that are one step ahead of us. In your article we can discover the evolution of broadband and various curious facts about it. I'm sure the internet will continue in our lives for a long time

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  18. In my opinion this is a really interesting article about how the Danish broadband has evolved till this day. To me it's astonishing the fact that Denmark was one of the first adopters of broadband and the Internet, that tells us how advanced this country is. I think that the possibility of entering a platform through different ways is vital for digital consume, especially these days.
    My views about the Denmark policies are positive mainly because the fact that the government is so implied in the citizens reveals how much the government cares about them.

    ResponderEliminar
  19. Este comentario ha sido eliminado por el autor.

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  20. In Denmark, the change was drastic. They went from 88% of the Danish population not using the Internet in 1996 to 83% using the Internet in 2007. We can realize that it is a very drastic change in just 11 years. However, as we know, it is a country that has known how to adapt very well to these rapid changes. In Denmark they have 3 different types of broadband, traditional, mobile and fiber. Furthermore, the law has
    decided that every Dane should have the opportunity to get a telephone connection for an affordable price. This is something that, as we well know, enhances the purchase and makes it more dynamic. If we give all our inhabitants the possibility to connect, we are also giving them an ease to buy. A better shopping experience.

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  21. The text at first tells us about how the Internet has evolved in Denmark until today, little by little, year after year thanks to technology was one of the first countries to have access to broadband and internet from home. I thought it was a very important article, because today it is one of the most popular topics in the world with technology. Another thing that I found very interesting is the 5G technology, which is not yet approved, but which in the future will help us not only as speed, but also with the start of new networks and services; safer, more available and more reliable.

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